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⚖️ Islamic Shariah law · Hanafi Jurisprudence · Miras distribution
Faraid (Islamic Inheritance) Calculator
Enter your total family assets (Cash, Gold, Land) and select surviving relatives to calculate their Quranic shares according to Sunni Shariah rules.
Order of Estate Distribution
Before dividing the assets among family members, Islamic law requires executing the following tasks in order:
- 1.Funeral Expenses: Pay for standard wrapping, transport, and burial costs.
- 2.Outstanding Debts: Pay off loans, commercial debts, and the wife's unpaid Mahr.
- 3.Will (Wasiyyah): Execute any valid wills to non-heirs, capped at a maximum of 1/3 of the remaining estate.
- 4.Faraid Shares: Distribute the remaining net assets using this calculator.
Primary Heirs baseline shares
| Heir | Share (With Children) | Share (No Children) |
|---|---|---|
| Husband | 1/4 | 1/2 |
| Wife | 1/8 | 1/4 |
| Mother | 1/6 | 1/3 |
| Father | 1/6 | Asabah (Residuary) |
Quranic References & Shariah Foundations
Islamic inheritance distribution (Faraid) is strictly derived from explicit revelations in the Holy Quran, mainly **Surah An-Nisa (verses 11, 12, and 176)**.
📖 Surah An-Nisa, Verse 11
"Allah instructs you concerning your children: for the male, what is equal to the share of two females. But if there are only daughters, two or more, for them is two thirds of one's estate. And if there is only one, for her is half. And for one's parents, to each of them is a sixth of his estate if he left children..."
This verse establishes the basic 2:1 ratio for children and the fixed 1/6 share for parents when the deceased leaves behind offspring.
📖 Surah An-Nisa, Verse 12
"And for you is half of what your wives leave if they have no child. But if they have a child, for you is one fourth of what they leave... And for them is one fourth of what you leave if you have no child. But if you have a child, for them is an eighth..."
This verse sets the limits for surviving spouses, indicating that their shares are reduced by half if the deceased leaves behind children.
Hajib (Blocking) Rules in Sunni Faraid
In Faraid, closer relatives block (exclude) more distant relatives from receiving any share. The following table highlights the primary blocking rules under Hanafi Sunni law:
| Surviving Heir | Excluded (Blocked) Relatives | Reason / Principle |
|---|---|---|
| Son (পুত্র) | Grandsons, Brothers & Sisters (all), Nephews, Uncles | A male descendant excludes all collateral and lower-tier heirs. |
| Father (পিতা) | Grandfather, Brothers & Sisters (all), Nephews, Uncles | A male ascendant blocks collateral relatives and higher ascendants. |
| Daughter (কন্যা) | Sisters (partially), Distant nephews/nieces | If only daughters exist, they take their Quranic shares, blocking certain distant kindrid. |
| Mother (মাতা) | Grandmother (paternal & maternal) | A mother blocks all grandmothers. |
Step-by-Step Calculation Example
Suppose a deceased man leaves behind a **Wife**, **Father**, **Mother**, **1 Son**, and **2 Daughters**, with a net estate of **৳12,00,000 cash**:
Step 1: Distribute Primary (Quranic) Shares
- Wife: gets $1/8$ (because children exist) $= 3/24$
- Father: gets $1/6$ (because children exist) $= 4/24$
- Mother: gets $1/6$ (because children exist) $= 4/24$
- Total Primary Shares: $3/24 + 4/24 + 4/24 = 11/24$
Step 2: Calculate the Residuary Pool (Asabah)
The remainder of the estate goes to the children:$$\text{Residue} = 1 - \frac{11}{24} = \frac{13}{24}$$
Step 3: Split the Residue between Son & Daughters
The residue is split in a $2:1$ ratio (Son gets 2 parts, each Daughter gets 1 part). Total parts $= 2 + 1 + 1 = 4$ parts.
- Son's Share: $\frac{13}{24} \times \frac{2}{4} = \frac{26}{96} \approx 27.1\%$
- Daughter 1 Share: $\frac{13}{24} \times \frac{1}{4} = \frac{13}{96} \approx 13.5\%$
- Daughter 2 Share: $\frac{13}{24} \times \frac{1}{4} = \frac{13}{96} \approx 13.5\%$
Step 4: Distribute the ৳12,00,000 Cash
- Wife: ৳12,00,000 × (3/24) = ৳1,50,000
- Father: ৳12,00,000 × (4/24) = ৳2,00,000
- Mother: ৳12,00,000 × (4/24) = ৳2,00,000
- Son: ৳12,00,000 × (26/96) = ৳3,25,000
- Daughter 1: ৳12,00,000 × (13/96) = ৳1,62,500
- Daughter 2: ৳12,00,000 × (13/96) = ৳1,62,500
Useful Faraid Tips
- 1Clear all debts, unpaid dower (Mahr), and funeral costs from the total estate value before inputting the numbers here.
- 2If the deceased has no sons, daughters share 1/2 (for one daughter) or 2/3 (for multiple daughters) of the estate.
- 3Sunni inheritance laws blocking states: a son blocks siblings and grand-parents from inheriting.
- 4Distant kindred (Zawil Arham) only inherit if there are no primary sharers (Zawil Furud) and no residuary heirs (Asabah).
- 5Use the visual pie chart and fraction ratios as guidelines, and consult local Islamic authorities for final probate.
Faraid Inheritance Frequently Asked Questions
What is Faraid in Islamic law?
Faraid refers to the fixed shares of inheritance prescribed in the Holy Quran for specific family members (heirs) of a deceased Muslim. These primary heirs are called Zawil Furud (Sharers).
How are assets divided if both sons and daughters exist?
If a deceased person leaves behind both sons and daughters, they inherit the remaining estate (after primary sharers like spouses and parents get their parts) as Residuaries (Asabah). The distribution follows a 2:1 ratio, meaning each son receives twice the share of each daughter.
What is the share of a husband or wife?
A husband inherits 1/2 of the estate if there are no children, and 1/4 if children exist. A wife (or wives collectively) inherits 1/4 if there are no children, and 1/8 if children exist. Multiple wives share the 1/8 or 1/4 equally.
What are Awl and Radd adjustments?
Awl occurs when the sum of prescribed shares of primary heirs exceeds 1.0 (e.g. 9/6). In this case, the denominator is increased, which proportionally reduces all shares. Radd occurs when the sum of primary shares is less than 1.0 and there are no residuary heirs. The remaining surplus is returned proportionally to the primary sharers (excluding the husband/wife).
Are debts and funeral expenses deducted before distribution?
Yes. Under Islamic jurisprudence, before distributing any inheritance, the estate must first cover the funeral expenses, pay off any outstanding debts of the deceased (including unpaid Mahr/dowry to the wife), and fulfill any valid wills (wasiyyah) up to a maximum of 1/3 of the remaining estate.
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